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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2022

Source apportionment of PM2.5 in two East-Mediterranean sites

Résumé

The East Mediterranean region faces elevated concentrations of PM resulting from transported pollution mixed with anthropogenic emissions (traffic, industrial, and residential emissions), and natural emissions (Saharan and African deserts) (ESCWA 2009). It is considered as a hotspot of climate change where model projections show elevated temperatures by the end of the century leading to the increase of photochemical air pollution (Lelieveld et al. 2014). Therefore, it is crucial to determine the sources of pollution in the region in order to develop efficient air quality strategies. PM2.5 samples were collected on a 24-hour basis every third day for a year in two urban sites under industrial influence in Lebanon: Zouk Mikael region (ZK) and Fiaa region (FA). ZK is characterized by the biggest power plant in the country which runs on heavy fuel oil, a high density of population (4,200 inhabitants/km2) along with high road traffic and the use of diesel generators for electricity generation. FA is surrounded by chemical industries such as the cement plants along with their corresponding quarries. The samples were characterized for their carbonaceous fraction, water-soluble ions, elements, and organic species (alkanes, PAHs, fatty acids, biogenic secondary organic aerosols, etc.). Several species and tracer compounds were gathered in the USEPA-PMF model in order to assess the contribution of the sources to the PM2.5 concentrations. Crustal dust and secondary ammonium sulfate contributed to 43% and 46% of PM2.5 at ZK and FA. These sources mainly originate from long range transport of air masses as evaluated by HYSPLIT cluster analysis of air mass back-trajectories. Vehicular and industrial emissions were two important sources at ZK contributing to 14% and 13% of PM2.5, respectively. While at FA, vehicular and cement plants emissions contribute together to 13%. Furthermore, open burning of waste explained 16% of PM2.5 concentration at FA. Primary and secondary biogenic emissions contributed to 9% of PM2.5 at ZK and 13% at FA (Figure 1). This study is a first in Lebanon and from the few in the region using extensive dataset on PM2.5 chemical composition with organic and inorganic species and quantifying the contribution of different natural and anthropogenic sources.
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Dates et versions

hal-04388113 , version 1 (11-01-2024)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04388113 , version 1

Citer

Marc Fadel, Dominique Courcot, Marianne Seigneur, Adib Kfoury, Konstantina Oikonomou, et al.. Source apportionment of PM2.5 in two East-Mediterranean sites. International Aerosol conference (IAC 2022), IAC, Sep 2022, Athens, Greece. ⟨hal-04388113⟩
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